alibaba/spring-ai-alibaba · error · RuntimeException

code execution failed, exit code

Error message

code execution failed, exit code: {exitCode}, logs: {logs}

What it means

CodeExecutorNodeAction.executeCode runs the generated code blocks through the configured CodeExecutor and inspects the returned exit code. A non-zero exit code means the executed program failed, so it throws RuntimeException including the exit code and the captured execution logs. The logs in the message are the primary debugging surface.

Solutions

1. Read the 'logs' portion of the message to find the actual runtime error and stack trace
2. Fix the bug in the code being executed (or its inputs)
3. Install required dependencies in the code-execution sandbox/image
4. Reproduce the script locally with the same inputs to iterate faster

// syntax-check generated code before execution where possible
Process p = new ProcessBuilder("python", "-m", "py_compile", scriptPath).start();
if (p.waitFor() != 0) throw new IllegalStateException("generated code fails to compile");

try { logs = action.call(state); } catch (RuntimeException e) { if (e.getMessage().startsWith("code execution failed")) { log.error(e.getMessage()); /* inspect logs */ } }

When it happens

Trigger: The executed code script crashes, raises an uncaught exception, or exits non-zero (syntax error, missing dependency in the sandbox, runtime exception) during executeCodeBlocks.

Common situations: Python/JS code raising exceptions due to bad inputs; missing packages in the execution sandbox; sandbox/resource limits killing the process; generated template code failing after variable substitution.

Related errors

• Either language or code must be provided.
• Error executing code in Docker container
• Failed to execute code
• Invalid code language provided
• Language not recognized in code execution

AI-assisted analysis of alibaba/spring-ai-alibaba@f82da0b50f (2026-09-09). Data as JSON: /api/errors/925150bb3f4ce99d. Report an issue: GitHub.

Appendix: source

Thrown at spring-boot-starters/spring-ai-alibaba-starter-builtin-nodes/src/main/java/com/alibaba/cloud/ai/graph/node/code/CodeExecutorNodeAction.java:100

		TemplateTransformer templateTransformer = CODE_TEMPLATE_TRANSFORMERS.get(language);
		if (templateTransformer == null) {
			throw new RuntimeException("Unsupported language: " + language);
		}

		RunnerAndPreload runnerAndPreload = templateTransformer.transformCaller(code, inputs, style);
		String response = executeCode(language, runnerAndPreload.preloadScript(), runnerAndPreload.runnerScript());

		return templateTransformer.transformResponse(response);
	}

	private String executeCode(CodeLanguage language, String preloadScript, String code) throws Exception {
		List<CodeBlock> codeBlockList = new ArrayList<>(10);
		codeBlockList.add(new CodeBlock(CODE_LANGUAGE_TO_RUNNING_LANGUAGE.get(language), code));

		CodeExecutionResult codeExecutionResult = codeExecutor.executeCodeBlocks(codeBlockList,
				this.codeExecutionConfig);
		if (codeExecutionResult.exitCode() != 0) {
			throw new RuntimeException("code execution failed, exit code: " + codeExecutionResult.exitCode()
					+ ", logs: " + codeExecutionResult.logs());
		}

		return codeExecutionResult.logs();
	}

	@Override
	public Map<String, Object> apply(OverAllState state) throws Exception {
		Map<String, Object> inputs = Optional.ofNullable(params)
			.orElse(List.of())
			.stream()
			.collect(Collectors.toUnmodifiableMap(CodeParam::argName, param -> Optional.ofNullable(param.value())
				.or(() -> StringUtils.hasText(param.stateKey()) ? state.value(param.stateKey()) : Optional.empty())
				.orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalStateException("param has no value and legal key!"))));
		Map<String, Object> resultObjectMap = executeWorkflowCodeTemplate(CodeLanguage.fromValue(codeLanguage), code,
				inputs);
		Map<String, Object> updatedState = new HashMap<>();
		if (StringUtils.hasLength(this.outputKey)) {

View on GitHub (pinned to f82da0b50f)