apache/druid · error · IllegalArgumentException

index[ ] >= size[ ] or < 0

Error message

index[%d] >= size[%d] or < 0

What it means

RangeIndexedInts.get(index) returns the index itself (values are 0..size-1), so any index outside [0, size) is invalid and throws this IAE. The message text is slightly misleading but the condition is `index < 0 || index >= size`.

Solutions

1. Bound iteration with the RangeIndexedInts' own size()
2. Fix off-by-one conditions (use i < size())
3. Validate external indexes against size() before calling get

Example fix

// before
for (int i = 0; i <= range.size(); i++) range.get(i);
// after
for (int i = 0; i < range.size(); i++) range.get(i);

if (i >= 0 && i < range.size()) { int v = range.get(i); }

boolean valid(RangeIndexedInts r, int i) { return i >= 0 && i < r.size(); }

try { v = range.get(i); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { v = defaultValue; }

When it happens

Trigger: Calling get(i) with i < 0 or i >= the size set via setSize; iterating past the end of the range.

Common situations: Off-by-one loops over row values; using indexes from a different column's cardinality; stale size after setSize was called with a smaller value.

Related errors

• != 0
• Index[ ] >= size[ ]
• Index[ ] >= size[ ] or < 0
• Actual Row count mismatch. Expected
• Attempt to add row to swapped-out sink for segment

AI-assisted analysis of apache/druid@9b90983fd2 (2026-09-07). Data as JSON: /api/errors/7d2911bda2744b40. Report an issue: GitHub.

Appendix: source

Thrown at processing/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/segment/data/RangeIndexedInts.java:54

  public void setSize(int size)
  {
    if (size < 0) {
      throw new IAE("Size[%d] must be non-negative", size);
    }
    this.size = size;
  }

  @Override
  public int size()
  {
    return size;
  }

  @Override
  public int get(int index)
  {
    if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
      throw new IAE("index[%d] >= size[%d] or < 0", index, size);
    }
    return index;
  }

  @Override
  public void inspectRuntimeShape(RuntimeShapeInspector inspector)
  {
    // nothing to inspect
  }
}

View on GitHub (pinned to 9b90983fd2)