{"record":{"id":"026623b163015c99","repo":"kubernetes/kops","slug":"error-from-signhttp-v","errorCode":null,"errorMessage":"error from SignHTTP: %v","messagePattern":"error from SignHTTP: (.+?)","errorType":"exception","errorClass":null,"httpStatus":null,"severity":"error","filePath":"pkg/bootstrap/awsbootstrap/authenticator.go","lineNumber":199,"sourceCode":"\n\t// V1 requests use a well-known body (and host)\n\tbody := []byte(\"Action=GetCallerIdentity&Version=2011-06-15\")\n\n\tbodyHash := sha256.Sum256(body)\n\n\tsignedRequest, err := http.NewRequest(\"POST\", stsURL, bytes.NewReader(body))\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\treturn nil, fmt.Errorf(\"building http request: %v\", err)\n\t}\n\tsignedRequest.Header.Add(\"Content-Type\", \"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8\")\n\tsignedRequest.Header.Add(\"X-Kops-Request-Sha\", kopsRequestHashBase64)\n\n\tsigner := v4.NewSigner()\n\n\tservice := \"sts\"\n\n\tif err := signer.SignHTTP(ctx, credentials, signedRequest, hex.EncodeToString(bodyHash[:]), service, region, signingTime); err != nil {\n\t\treturn nil, fmt.Errorf(\"error from SignHTTP: %v\", err)\n\t}\n\n\treturn signedRequest, nil\n}\n","sourceCodeStart":181,"sourceCodeEnd":204,"githubUrl":"https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/4c8573c808a73d578c5eadc86d410646ea0b0d73/pkg/bootstrap/awsbootstrap/authenticator.go#L181-L204","documentation":"signV1Request wraps an error returned by the aws-sdk-go-v2 v4 signer's SignHTTP when signing the GetCallerIdentity request with the provided credentials, body hash, service (sts), and region. Signing is local computation but fails when credentials are empty/invalid or signing parameters (region, payload hash) are invalid.","triggerScenarios":"signer.SignHTTP(ctx, credentials, signedRequest, hex(bodyHash), \"sts\", region, signingTime) errors inside signV1Request, reached via createTokenV1 from CreateToken/TestAWSV1Request: empty AccessKeyID/SecretKey, invalid region characters, or signer internal failure.","commonSituations":"Credentials provider returned empty/blank values (partially populated env vars); region empty or with unsupported characters; mismatched aws-sdk-go-v2 signer version after dependency bump; system clock far off making signing parameters inconsistent in downstream verification.","solutions":["Verify credentials are fully populated (AccessKeyID and SecretAccessKey non-empty) before signing.","Pass a valid AWS region string to the authenticator; avoid empty or placeholder regions.","Keep the signer module (aws/signer/v4) version aligned with other aws-sdk-go-v2 modules (`make gomod`).","Sync system clock (NTP) to avoid time-related signature rejection downstream.","Enable SDK client logging to capture the underlying wrapped error details."],"exampleFix":"// before\nif credentials.AccessKeyID == \"\" || credentials.SecretAccessKey == \"\" {\n\t// signer later fails inside SignHTTP\n}\n// after: validate before calling CreateToken\nif credentials.AccessKeyID == \"\" || credentials.SecretAccessKey == \"\" {\n\treturn fmt.Errorf(\"AWS credentials are incomplete; check env/profile\")\n}","handlingStrategy":"validation","validationCode":"creds, err := credProvider.Retrieve(ctx)\nif err != nil || creds.AccessKeyID == \"\" || creds.SecretAccessKey == \"\" {\n\treturn fmt.Errorf(\"cannot sign: incomplete AWS credentials\")\n}\nif region == \"\" {\n\treturn fmt.Errorf(\"cannot sign: empty region\")\n}","typeGuard":null,"tryCatchPattern":"signed, err := signV1Request(ctx, stsURL, region, creds, time.Now(), body)\nif err != nil {\n\tvar opErr *smithy.OperationError\n\tif errors.As(err, &opErr) { /* inspect wrapped signer failure, fix creds/region, retry */ }\n}","preventionTips":["Validate credential completeness and region before signing.","NTP-sync machines; clock skew breaks SigV4 verification.","Keep aws-sdk-go-v2 signer and core modules on matching versions.","Never hand-edit retrieved credentials; always use the provider chain."],"tags":["aws","sigv4","signing","credentials"],"backgroundTag":"aws-signing-failed","analyzedSha":"4c8573c808a73d578c5eadc86d410646ea0b0d73","analyzedAt":"2026-09-05T04:13:19.212Z","contentChangedAt":"2026-09-05T04:13:19.212Z","schemaVersion":2},"datasetVersion":"2026-09-12T07:17:12.445Z"}