{"record":{"id":"ea5726a2a311bd36","repo":"dotnet/AspNetCore.Docs","slug":"jquery-requires-a-window-with-a-document-ea5726","errorCode":null,"errorMessage":"jQuery requires a window with a document","messagePattern":"jQuery requires a window with a document","errorType":"exception","errorClass":"Error","httpStatus":null,"severity":"error","filePath":"aspnetcore/mvc/controllers/testing/samples/3.x/TestingControllersSample/src/TestingControllersSample/wwwroot/js/jquery-2.2.0.js","lineNumber":29,"sourceCode":" *\n * Date: 2016-01-08T20:02Z\n */\n\n(function( global, factory ) {\n \n if ( typeof module === \"object\" && typeof module.exports === \"object\" ) {\n // For CommonJS and CommonJS-like environments where a proper `window`\n // is present, execute the factory and get jQuery.\n // For environments that do not have a `window` with a `document`\n // (such as Node.js), expose a factory as module.exports.\n // This accentuates the need for the creation of a real `window`.\n // e.g. var jQuery = require(\"jquery\")(window);\n // See ticket #14549 for more info.\n module.exports = global.document ?\n factory( global, true ) :\n function( w ) {\n if ( !w.document ) {\n throw new Error( \"jQuery requires a window with a document\" );\n }\n return factory( w );\n };\n } else {\n factory( global );\n }\n \n // Pass this if window is not defined yet\n }(typeof window !== \"undefined\" ? window : this, function( window, noGlobal ) {\n \n // Support: Firefox 18+\n // Can't be in strict mode, several libs including ASP.NET trace\n // the stack via arguments.caller.callee and Firefox dies if\n // you try to trace through \"use strict\" call chains. (#13335)\n //\"use strict\";\n var arr = [];\n \n var document = window.document;","sourceCodeStart":11,"sourceCodeEnd":47,"githubUrl":"https://github.com/dotnet/AspNetCore.Docs/blob/c67a80103a1a74db20784debd919c7fdda96c510/aspnetcore/mvc/controllers/testing/samples/3.x/TestingControllersSample/src/TestingControllersSample/wwwroot/js/jquery-2.2.0.js#L11-L47","documentation":"Identical guard to error 2 in the 3.x sample's jquery-2.2.0.js: the UMD CommonJS factory requires a window with a `.document` property. Calling it with a non-window object throws.","triggerScenarios":"`require('jquery')` in Node without jsdom and invoking the factory with a non-window; SSR without a DOM shim.","commonSituations":"Server-side rendering; Node unit tests; Electron main process.","solutions":["Pass a jsdom window: require('jquery')(new (require('jsdom').JSDOM)('').window).","Use cheerio for non-DOM jQuery-style parsing in Node.","Ensure the passed object exposes both `document` and `window`."],"exampleFix":"// before\nconst $ = require('jquery')({}); // throws\n// after\nconst { JSDOM } = require('jsdom');\nconst $ = require('jquery')(new JSDOM('').window);","handlingStrategy":"type-guard","validationCode":"function getWindow() {\n if (typeof window !== 'undefined') return window;\n var jsdom = require('jsdom');\n return new jsdom.JSDOM('').window;\n}\nvar w = getWindow();\nif (!w || !w.document) throw new Error('No DOM for jQuery');\nvar $ = require('jquery')(w);","typeGuard":"function isWindowLike(w) { return w != null && typeof w === 'object' && !!w.document && typeof w.document.createElement === 'function'; }","tryCatchPattern":"try {\n var $ = require('jquery')(providedWindow);\n} catch (e) {\n if (/window with a document/.test(e.message)) {\n var { JSDOM } = require('jsdom');\n $ = require('jquery')(new JSDOM('').window);\n } else { throw e; }\n}","preventionTips":["Pair jQuery with jsdom in Node; pass dom.window.","Use cheerio for pure HTML parsing.","Never pass an empty object or DOM Element instead of a window."],"tags":["jquery","nodejs","commonjs","ssr","jsdom","environment"],"backgroundTag":null,"analyzedSha":"c67a80103a1a74db20784debd919c7fdda96c510","analyzedAt":"2026-08-13T17:46:11.763Z","schemaVersion":2},"datasetVersion":"2026-08-13T19:17:28.613Z"}