chroma-core/chroma · error · TypeError

where must be a Where object, dict, or None, got {type(where

Error message

where must be a Where object, dict, or None, got {type(where).__name__}

What it means

Error "where must be a Where object, dict, or None, got {type(where).__name__}" thrown in chroma-core/chroma.

Source

Thrown at chromadb/execution/expression/plan.py:102

                  Note: Primitive numbers are not accepted - use {"$val": number} for constant ranks
            group_by: GroupBy configuration for grouping and aggregating results (defaults to None)
                      Dict will be converted using GroupBy.from_dict()
            limit: Limit configuration for pagination (defaults to no limit)
                   Can be a Limit object, a dict for Limit.from_dict(), or an int
                   When passing an int, it creates Limit(limit=value, offset=0)
            select: Select configuration for keys (defaults to empty selection)
                    Can be a Select object, a dict for Select.from_dict(),
                    or a list/set of strings (e.g., ["#document", "#score"])
        """
        # Handle where parameter
        if where is None:
            self._where = None
        elif isinstance(where, Where):
            self._where = where
        elif isinstance(where, dict):
            self._where = Where.from_dict(where)
        else:
            raise TypeError(
                f"where must be a Where object, dict, or None, got {type(where).__name__}"
            )

        # Handle rank parameter
        if rank is None:
            self._rank = None
        elif isinstance(rank, Rank):
            self._rank = rank
        elif isinstance(rank, dict):
            self._rank = Rank.from_dict(rank)
        else:
            raise TypeError(
                f"rank must be a Rank object, dict, or None, got {type(rank).__name__}"
            )

        # Handle group_by parameter
        if group_by is None:
            self._group_by = GroupBy()

View on GitHub (pinned to aecdd12c8a)

When it happens

Trigger: Thrown at chromadb/execution/expression/plan.py:102 when the library encounters an invalid state.

Common situations: See trigger scenarios.

AI-assisted analysis of chroma-core/chroma@aecdd12c8a (2026-08-16). Data as JSON: /api/errors/b8c1d860272e3703. Report an issue: GitHub.