docker/cli · error

invalid field '%s' must be a key=value pair

Error message

invalid field '%s' must be a key=value pair

What it means

Error "invalid field '%s' must be a key=value pair" thrown in docker/cli.

Source

Thrown at cli/command/swarm/opts.go:180

	csvReader := csv.NewReader(strings.NewReader(caSpec))
	fields, err := csvReader.Read()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	externalCA := swarm.ExternalCA{
		Options: make(map[string]string),
	}

	var (
		hasProtocol bool
		hasURL      bool
	)

	for _, field := range fields {
		key, value, ok := strings.Cut(field, "=")
		if !ok {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid field '%s' must be a key=value pair", field)
		}

		// TODO(thaJeztah): these options should not be case-insensitive.
		switch strings.ToLower(key) {
		case "protocol":
			hasProtocol = true
			if strings.ToLower(value) == string(swarm.ExternalCAProtocolCFSSL) {
				externalCA.Protocol = swarm.ExternalCAProtocolCFSSL
			} else {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("unrecognized external CA protocol %s", value)
			}
		case "url":
			hasURL = true
			externalCA.URL = value
		case "cacert":
			cacontents, err := os.ReadFile(value)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to read CA cert for external CA: %w", err)

View on GitHub (pinned to e9452d6e78)

When it happens

Trigger: Thrown at cli/command/swarm/opts.go:180 when the library encounters an invalid state.

Common situations: See trigger scenarios.

AI-assisted analysis of docker/cli@e9452d6e78 (2026-08-01). Data as JSON: /data/errors/7a3291d97b1ceb0f.json. Report an issue: GitHub.