dotnet/wpf · error · InvalidOperationException

SR.ObjectDataProviderParameterCollectionIsNotInUse

Error message

SR.ObjectDataProviderParameterCollectionIsNotInUse

What it means

ParameterCollection (backing ObjectDataProvider's ConstructorParameters/ObjectInstance/MethodParameters) is read-only once it is in active use by an ObjectDataProvider; CheckReadOnly throws InvalidOperationException with SR.ObjectDataProviderParameterCollectionIsNotInUse on any mutation. WPF marks the collection in use when the provider starts constructing/invoking, so late mutation would corrupt provider state.

Solutions

Wait until the provider is idle: only mutate MethodParameters/ConstructorParameters outside active refresh cycles (e.g. before the first Refresh, or after the binding completes).
Detach first: clear the binding (set the Binding's source differently) or reassign a fresh ObjectDataProvider with new parameters.
Batch parameter changes and apply them on the dispatcher at a safe point (Dispatcher.BeginInvoke at Background priority), then call provider.Refresh().
Wrap mutations in try-catch InvalidOperationException to detect the in-use state and defer the change.

Example fix

// before
provider.MethodParameters.Clear(); // InvalidOperationException: collection is not in use

// after
Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.Background, new Action(() =>
{
    provider.MethodParameters.Clear();
    provider.MethodParameters.Add(newValue);
    provider.Refresh();
}));

Defensive patterns

Strategy: try-catch

Validate before calling

// mutate parameters only before first use; after Refresh, defer mutations
bool safe = !isProviderActive; // track provider activity around Refresh/construction

Try / catch

try { provider.MethodParameters.Add(value); provider.Refresh(); }
catch (InvalidOperationException ex) when (ex.Message.Contains("use"))
{
    Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.Background, new Action(() =>
    { provider.MethodParameters.Add(value); provider.Refresh(); }));
}

Prevention

Never mutate MethodParameters/ConstructorParameters from inside the created object's constructor.
Change parameters only while the ObjectDataProvider is idle; call Refresh afterwards.
Replace an in-use provider with a new instance instead of mutating its collection.
Defer parameter changes to the dispatcher queue at background priority.

When it happens

Trigger: Adding/inserting/removing/clearing/setting items in a ParameterCollection that ObjectDataProvider has already flagged in-use — e.g. mutating MethodParameters during the object's construction callback, from a data-binding converter, or after Refresh without detaching.

Common situations: XAML data binding where code-behind or a converter modifies ObjectDataProvider.MethodParameters while the provider is mid-creation; mutating parameters inside the target object's constructor triggered by the provider.

Understand the failure class

Background: "Invalid state transition" errors: "status must be X, actually Y", "already rejected/charging/uninstalled", "cannot ... while running" — what they mean when a library rejects your call — this error's family across 31 libraries.

Related errors

AI-assisted analysis of dotnet/wpf@81131a70a4 (2026-09-14). Data as JSON: /api/errors/201502d7166b59b4. Report an issue: GitHub.

Appendix: source

Thrown at src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/src/PresentationFramework/MS/Internal/Data/ParameterCollection.cs:170

        {
            base.ClearItems();
        }

        #endregion Internal Methods

        //------------------------------------------------------
        //
        //  Private Methods
        //
        //------------------------------------------------------

        #region Private Methods

        private void CheckReadOnly()
        {
            if (this.IsReadOnly)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(SR.ObjectDataProviderParameterCollectionIsNotInUse);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// notify ObjectDataProvider that the parameters have changed
        /// </summary>
        private void OnCollectionChanged()
        {
            _parametersChanged(this);
        }

        #endregion Private Methods

        //------------------------------------------------------
        //
        //  Private Fields
        //
        //------------------------------------------------------

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