elastic/elasticsearch · error · IllegalArgumentException

only one z value is specified

Error message

only one z value is specified

What it means

Thrown by the 6-argument Rectangle constructor when exactly one of minZ/maxZ is NaN. The Z (altitude) dimension is optional for a Rectangle, but the library requires both Z bounds to be either present or absent — a half-specified Z range is treated as a programming error rather than a default.

Source

Thrown at libs/geo/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/geometry/Rectangle.java:78

        this(minX, maxX, maxY, minY, Double.NaN, Double.NaN);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a bounding box by first validating the provided latitude and longitude coordinates
     */
    public Rectangle(double minX, double maxX, double maxY, double minY, double minZ, double maxZ) {
        this.minX = minX;
        this.maxX = maxX;
        this.minY = minY;
        this.maxY = maxY;
        this.minZ = minZ;
        this.maxZ = maxZ;
        empty = false;
        if (maxY < minY) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("max y cannot be less than min y");
        }
        if (Double.isNaN(minZ) != Double.isNaN(maxZ)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("only one z value is specified");
        }
    }

    public double getMinY() {
        return minY;
    }

    public double getMinX() {
        return minX;
    }

    public double getMinZ() {
        return minZ;
    }

    public double getMaxY() {
        return maxY;
    }

View on GitHub (pinned to db6a809a66)

Solutions

1. Pass Double.NaN for BOTH minZ and maxZ when the rectangle is 2D: `new Rectangle(minX, maxX, maxY, minY, Double.NaN, Double.NaN)`.
2. If the rectangle is 3D, supply concrete numeric values for both minZ and maxZ.
3. Audit upstream data: reject or normalize records where only one of the two altitude fields is present before they reach construction.

Example fix

// before
new Rectangle(0, 10, 20, -20, Double.NaN, 50.0); // one z specified

// after (2D)
new Rectangle(0, 10, 20, -20, Double.NaN, Double.NaN);
// after (3D)
new Rectangle(0, 10, 20, -20, 0.0, 50.0);

boolean zSpecified = !Double.isNaN(minZ) || !Double.isNaN(maxZ);
boolean zComplete = !Double.isNaN(minZ) && !Double.isNaN(maxZ);
if (zSpecified && !zComplete) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Specify both z bounds or neither");
new Rectangle(minX, maxX, maxY, minY, minZ, maxZ);

When it happens

Trigger: Calling `new Rectangle(minX, maxX, maxY, minY, minZ, maxZ)` where `Double.isNaN(minZ) != Double.isNaN(maxZ)` — e.g. minZ=Double.NaN with maxZ=100.0, or minZ=0.0 with maxZ=Double.NaN.

Common situations: Mixing 2D and 3D data sources where some records carry altitude and others do not; defaulting one Z bound to NaN as a 'no bound' sentinel while leaving the other populated; copy-paste from a 2D-only code path that left one Z argument unset.

Related errors

• max y cannot be less than min y
• found Z value [
• max x cannot be less than min x
• invalid latitude
• invalid longitude

AI-assisted analysis of elastic/elasticsearch@db6a809a66 (2026-08-12). Data as JSON: /api/errors/466d05f30872799d. Report an issue: GitHub.