googleapis/mcp-toolbox · error

error executing sql: %w

Error message

error executing sql: %w

What it means

Thrown in ExecuteSql when the sqladmin Instances.ExecuteSql call (projects.instances.executeSql) fails. This uses the Cloud SQL Admin API's executeSql endpoint to run a statement against the instance.

Source

Thrown at internal/sources/cloudsqladmin/cloud_sql_admin.go:316

		})
	}
	return instances, nil
}

func (s *Source) ExecuteSql(ctx context.Context, project, instance, database, sql string, accessToken string) (any, error) {
	service, err := s.GetService(ctx, accessToken)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	req := &sqladmin.ExecuteSqlPayload{
		Database:     database,
		SqlStatement: sql,
	}

	resp, err := service.Instances.ExecuteSql(project, instance, req).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error executing sql: %w", err)
	}
	return resp, nil
}

func (s *Source) CreateInstance(ctx context.Context, project, name, dbVersion, rootPassword string, settings sqladmin.Settings, accessToken string) (any, error) {
	instance := sqladmin.DatabaseInstance{
		Name:            name,
		DatabaseVersion: dbVersion,
		RootPassword:    rootPassword,
		Settings:        &settings,
		Project:         project,
	}

	service, err := s.GetService(ctx, accessToken)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

View on GitHub (pinned to 8cc6e09de2)

Solutions

1. Validate the SQL syntax (run it in a SQL client against the same instance).
2. Confirm the target database exists on the instance and is spelled correctly.
3. Ensure the executing user has the required grants for the statement.
4. Verify the instance is in RUNNABLE state (get_instance) and retry after maintenance ends.
5. Inspect the wrapped googleapi.Error body, which contains the underlying SQL error details.

Example fix

// before
ExecuteSql(ctx, project, instance, "", "SELECT * FROM users", token) // empty database
// after
ExecuteSql(ctx, project, instance, "postgres", "SELECT * FROM users", token)

sql := strings.TrimSpace(sqlStatement)
if sql == "" {
    return fmt.Errorf("sql statement is required")
}
if database == "" {
    return fmt.Errorf("database is required for execute_sql")
}
for _, stmt := range forbiddenPatterns.MatchString(sql) { /* block destructive ops if policy requires */ }

func isSQLSyntaxErr(err error) bool {
    var gerr *googleapi.Error
    if !errors.As(err, &gerr) {
        return false
    }
    msg := strings.ToLower(gerr.Message)
    return strings.Contains(msg, "syntax error") || strings.Contains(msg, "relation") && strings.Contains(msg, "does not exist")
}

out, err := src.ExecuteSql(ctx, project, instance, database, sql, token)
if err != nil {
    if isSQLSyntaxErr(err) {
        return fmt.Errorf("SQL rejected by server (check syntax/objects): %w", err)
    }
    var gerr *googleapi.Error
    if errors.As(err, &gerr) && gerr.Code >= 500 {
        return fmt.Errorf("transient failure, consider retry: %w", err)
    }
    return fmt.Errorf("execute sql failed: %w", err)
}

When it happens

Trigger: Calling the execute_sql tool with invalid SQL syntax, referencing a non-existent database, using an account without privileges for the statement, or when the instance is stopped/unreachable.

Common situations: Syntax errors in generated SQL; querying a database name that doesn't exist on the instance; executing DDL/DML with a user lacking grants; instance in maintenance or stopped state; statement timeout on long queries.

Related errors

• error cloning instance: %w
• error creating database: %w
• error creating user: %w
• error getting instance: %w
• error listing databases: %w

AI-assisted analysis of googleapis/mcp-toolbox@8cc6e09de2 (2026-09-05). Data as JSON: /api/errors/e67dc431e6ab2436. Report an issue: GitHub.