hibernate/hibernate-orm · error · MappingException

@Changelog '{}' has multiple members annotated with @{}

Error message

@Changelog '{}' has multiple members annotated with @{}

What it means

Error "@Changelog '{}' has multiple members annotated with @{}" thrown in hibernate/hibernate-orm.

Source

Thrown at hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/boot/model/internal/AuditHelper.java:516

		final String revNumberName = revNumberMember.resolveAttributeName();
		final String revTimestampName = revTimestampMember.resolveAttributeName();
		context.getMetadataCollector().addSecondPass( (OptionalDeterminationSecondPass) ignored ->
				validateChangelog( entityName, revNumberName, revTimestampName, context )
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Check if a member has the given annotation. If found, validate no
	 * duplicate and return the member; otherwise return the existing value.
	 */
	private static MemberDetails checkAnnotation(
			MemberDetails member,
			@Nullable MemberDetails existing,
			Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType,
			ClassDetails classDetails) {
		if ( member.hasDirectAnnotationUsage( annotationType ) ) {
			if ( existing != null ) {
				throw new MappingException(
						"@Changelog '" + classDetails.getName()
								+ "' has multiple members annotated with @"
								+ annotationType.getSimpleName()
				);
			}
			return member;
		}
		return existing;
	}

	/**
	 * Second-pass validation: verify {@code @Changelog.ChangesetId}
	 * and {@code @Changelog.Timestamp} are mapped as basic properties,
	 * and add a unique constraint on non-ID {@code @ChangesetId}.
	 */
	private static void validateChangelog(
			String entityName,
			String revNumberName,

View on GitHub (pinned to fad1729dce)

Solutions

1. Remove the duplicate @Changelog-annotated members so that only one member of the class carries the annotation.
2. If multiple members need change tracking, combine them into a single annotated member or wrapper.

When it happens

Trigger: An Envers-style @Changelog member mapping is invalid (multiple annotated members, unmapped member, or non-basic attribute).

Common situations: Audited entities where the changelog class has more than one tracked member, references a property that is not mapped, or tracks a non-basic (association/embeddable) attribute.

AI-assisted analysis of hibernate/hibernate-orm@fad1729dce (2026-08-22). Data as JSON: /api/errors/e0c627bd7f43d02f. Report an issue: GitHub.