hibernate/hibernate-orm · error · AnnotationException

Entity class '${className}' is annotated '@ConcreteProxy' bu

Error message

Entity class '${className}' is annotated '@ConcreteProxy' but it is not the root of the entity inheritance hierarchy

What it means

Error "Entity class '${className}' is annotated '@ConcreteProxy' but it is not the root of the entity inheritance hierarchy" thrown in hibernate/hibernate-orm.

Source

Thrown at hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/boot/model/internal/EntityBinder.java:1829

			else {
				final String discriminatorTypeName = discriminator.getType().getName();
				return switch ( discriminatorTypeName ) {
					case "string" -> name; //Spec compliant
					case "integer"-> String.valueOf( name.hashCode() ); // TODO: pretty nasty, should we just deprecate/disallow this?
					default -> throw new MappingException( "Entity '" + name + "' must explicitly specify its '@DiscriminatorValue'" );
				};
			}
		}
		else {
			return discriminatorValue.value();
		}
	}

	private void bindConcreteProxy() {
		final var concreteProxy = annotatedClass.getAnnotationUsage( ConcreteProxy.class, modelsContext() );
		if ( concreteProxy != null ) {
			if ( persistentClass.getSuperclass() != null ) {
				throw new AnnotationException( "Entity class '" + persistentClass.getClassName()
						+  "' is annotated '@ConcreteProxy' but it is not the root of the entity inheritance hierarchy" );
			}
			persistentClass.getRootClass().setConcreteProxy( true );
		}
	}

	private void bindSqlRestriction() {
		final var restriction = extractSQLRestriction( annotatedClass );
		if ( restriction != null ) {
			where = restriction.value();
		}
	}

	private SQLRestriction extractSQLRestriction(ClassDetails classDetails) {
		final var modelsContext = modelsContext();
		final var fromClass = getOverridableAnnotation( classDetails, SQLRestriction.class, context );
		if ( fromClass != null ) {
			return fromClass;

View on GitHub (pinned to fad1729dce)

Solutions

1. Move @ConcreteProxy to the root class of the entity inheritance hierarchy.

When it happens

Trigger: An annotation restricted to the root of an inheritance hierarchy is placed on a subclass (or the hierarchy rules are otherwise violated).

Common situations: SINGLE_TABLE/JOINED hierarchies where @Table, @DiscriminatorColumn, @DiscriminatorFormula, @Cache, @Immutable, @Id or @Version are declared on the wrong class of the hierarchy.

AI-assisted analysis of hibernate/hibernate-orm@fad1729dce (2026-08-22). Data as JSON: /api/errors/069f6362b05c9f36. Report an issue: GitHub.