hibernate/hibernate-orm · error · SemanticException

Illegal unit for timestamp_add(): ${unit}

Error message

Illegal unit for timestamp_add(): ${unit}

What it means

Error "Illegal unit for timestamp_add(): ${unit}" thrown in hibernate/hibernate-orm.

Source

Thrown at hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/SpannerDialect.java:954

			case DAY_OF_MONTH:
				return "day";
			case DAY_OF_WEEK:
				return "dayofweek";
			case DAY_OF_YEAR:
				return "dayofyear";
			default:
				return super.translateExtractField(unit);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public String timestampaddPattern(TemporalUnit unit, TemporalType temporalType, IntervalType intervalType) {
		if ( temporalType == TemporalType.TIMESTAMP || temporalType == TemporalType.TIME ) {
			switch ( unit ) {
				case YEAR:
				case QUARTER:
				case MONTH:
					throw new SemanticException( "Illegal unit for timestamp_add(): " + unit );
				case WEEK:
					return "timestamp_add(?3, interval cast(?2 * 7 as int64) day)";
				case SECOND:
					return "timestamp_add(?3, interval cast(?2 * 1000000000 as int64) nanosecond)";
				default:
					return "timestamp_add(?3, interval cast(?2 as int64) ?1)";
			}
		}
		else {
			switch ( unit ) {
				case NANOSECOND:
				case SECOND:
				case MINUTE:
				case HOUR:
				case NATIVE:
					throw new SemanticException( "Illegal unit for date_add(): " + unit );
				default:
					return "date_add(?3, interval cast(?2 as int64) ?1)";

View on GitHub (pinned to fad1729dce)

Solutions

1. Use a unit supported by Spanner (e.g. DAY, HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND).

When it happens

Trigger: Triggered when the application calls a Hibernate dialect feature that the configured database dialect cannot provide: Illegal unit for timestamp_add(): $the given unit.

Common situations: Common when running against a database whose dialect lacks this capability, when a mapping or HQL/Criteria query requests unsupported functionality, or when the wrong dialect is configured for the database in use. Error: Illegal unit for timestamp_add(): $the given unit.

AI-assisted analysis of hibernate/hibernate-orm@fad1729dce (2026-08-22). Data as JSON: /api/errors/5c7a9946bd3535c6. Report an issue: GitHub.