hibernate/hibernate-orm · error · TransactionRequiredException

Transaction required for lock mode " + lockMode

Error message

Transaction required for lock mode " + lockMode

What it means

Error "Transaction required for lock mode " + lockMode" thrown in hibernate/hibernate-orm.

Source

Thrown at hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/internal/find/Helper.java:120

		}
		if ( lockMode == LockMode.READ ) {
			return LockOptions.READ;
		}

		final var lockOptions = new LockOptions( lockMode );
		lockOptions.setScope( lockScope != null ? lockScope : PessimisticLockScope.NORMAL );
		lockOptions.setTimeout( lockTimeout != null ? lockTimeout : Timeouts.WAIT_FOREVER );
		lockOptions.setFollowOnStrategy( lockFollowOn != null ? lockFollowOn : Locking.FollowOn.ALLOW );
		return lockOptions;
	}

	public static void checkTransactionNeededForLock(
			SharedSessionContractImplementor session,
			LockMode lockMode) {
		if ( lockMode != null
				&& lockMode.greaterThan( LockMode.NONE )
				&& !session.isTransactionInProgress() ) {
			throw new TransactionRequiredException( "Transaction required for lock mode " + lockMode );
		}
	}

	public static <T> void verifyGetMultipleResults(
			List<T> results,
			String entityName,
			List<?> keys,
			FindOption... findOptions) {
		// how detailed we can get with the error message depends on whether
		// results are ordered or unordered, defined by the OrderingMode option
		final var orderingMode = determineOrderingMode( findOptions );

		if ( orderingMode == FindMultipleOption.OrderingMode.UNORDERED ) {
			for ( int i = 0; i < results.size(); i++ ) {
				if ( results.get( i ) == null ) {
					throw new EntityNotFoundException(
							"No entity of type '%s' existed for one or more of the given ids"
									.formatted( entityName )

View on GitHub (pinned to fad1729dce)

Solutions

1. Start a transaction before using a lock mode that requires one (PESSIMISTIC_*/OPTIMISTIC write locks).
2. Use LockModeType.NONE if no transaction is available.

When it happens

Trigger: Thrown at hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/internal/find/Helper.java:120 when the library encounters an invalid state.

Common situations: See trigger scenarios.

AI-assisted analysis of hibernate/hibernate-orm@fad1729dce (2026-08-22). Data as JSON: /api/errors/ed1c9bcd055426bd. Report an issue: GitHub.