hibernate/hibernate-orm · error · SemanticException

Unrecognized field: ${unit}

Error message

Unrecognized field: ${unit}

What it means

Error "Unrecognized field: ${unit}" thrown in hibernate/hibernate-orm.

Source

Thrown at hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/OracleDialect.java:776

					else {
						pattern.append( "(" );
						extractField( pattern, DAY, unit );
						pattern.append( "+" );
						extractField( pattern, HOUR, unit );
						pattern.append( "+" );
						extractField( pattern, MINUTE, unit );
						pattern.append( "+" );
						extractField( pattern, SECOND, unit );
					}
				}
				else {
					pattern.append( "((?3-?2)" );
					pattern.append( TemporalUnit.DAY.conversionFactor( unit, this ) );
				}
				pattern.append( ")" );
				break;
			default:
				throw new SemanticException( "Unrecognized field: " + unit );
		}
		return pattern.toString();
	}

	private void extractField(StringBuilder pattern, TemporalUnit unit, TemporalUnit toUnit) {
		pattern.append( "extract(" );
		pattern.append( translateExtractField( unit ) );
		pattern.append( " from (?3-?2)" );
		switch ( unit ) {
			case YEAR:
			case MONTH:
				pattern.append( " year(9) to month" );
				break;
			case DAY:
			case HOUR:
			case MINUTE:
			case SECOND:
				break;

View on GitHub (pinned to fad1729dce)

Solutions

1. Use a recognized temporal field name.
2. Verify the unit passed to the function.

When it happens

Trigger: Triggered when the application calls a Hibernate dialect feature that the configured database dialect cannot provide: Unrecognized field: $the given unit.

Common situations: Common when running against a database whose dialect lacks this capability, when a mapping or HQL/Criteria query requests unsupported functionality, or when the wrong dialect is configured for the database in use. Error: Unrecognized field: $the given unit.

AI-assisted analysis of hibernate/hibernate-orm@fad1729dce (2026-08-22). Data as JSON: /api/errors/a54ba2035f738a32. Report an issue: GitHub.