keras-team/keras · error · ValueError

Axis {axis} is out of bounds for input shape {input_shape}.

Error message

Axis {axis} is out of bounds for input shape {input_shape}. Received: axis={self.axis}

What it means

Error "Axis {axis} is out of bounds for input shape {input_shape}. Received: axis={self.axis}" thrown in keras-team/keras.

Source

Thrown at keras/src/layers/normalization/rms_normalization.py:86

            x: Input tensor of shape (batch_size, input_dim).

        Returns:
            The RMS-normalized tensor of the same shape (batch_size, input_dim),
            scaled by the learned `scale` parameter.
        """
        return ops.rms_normalization(
            x, scale=self.scale, axis=self.axis, epsilon=self.epsilon
        )

    def compute_output_shape(self, input_shape):
        if isinstance(self.axis, int):
            axes = [self.axis]
        else:
            axes = self.axis

        for axis in axes:
            if axis >= len(input_shape) or axis < -len(input_shape):
                raise ValueError(
                    f"Axis {axis} is out of bounds for "
                    f"input shape {input_shape}. "
                    f"Received: axis={self.axis}"
                )
        return input_shape

    def get_config(self):
        config = {
            "axis": self.axis,
            "epsilon": self.epsilon,
        }
        base_config = super().get_config()
        return {**base_config, **config}

View on GitHub (pinned to 7a34a03db6)

When it happens

Trigger: Thrown at keras/src/layers/normalization/rms_normalization.py:86 when the library encounters an invalid state.

Common situations: See trigger scenarios.

AI-assisted analysis of keras-team/keras@7a34a03db6 (2026-08-25). Data as JSON: /api/errors/2b4450474d22d789. Report an issue: GitHub.