keras-team/keras · error · ValueError

Duplicate axes are not allowed. Received: axis={self.axis}

Error message

Duplicate axes are not allowed. Received: axis={self.axis}

What it means

Error "Duplicate axes are not allowed. Received: axis={self.axis}" thrown in keras-team/keras.

Source

Thrown at keras/src/layers/normalization/layer_normalization.py:157

        self.epsilon = epsilon
        self.center = center
        self.scale = scale
        self.rms_scaling = rms_scaling
        self.beta_initializer = initializers.get(beta_initializer)
        self.gamma_initializer = initializers.get(gamma_initializer)
        self.beta_regularizer = regularizers.get(beta_regularizer)
        self.gamma_regularizer = regularizers.get(gamma_regularizer)
        self.beta_constraint = constraints.get(beta_constraint)
        self.gamma_constraint = constraints.get(gamma_constraint)

        self.supports_masking = True
        self.autocast = False

    def build(self, input_shape):
        axes = canonicalize_axes(self.axis, len(input_shape))
        if len(set(axes)) != len(axes):
            raise ValueError(
                f"Duplicate axes are not allowed. Received: axis={self.axis}"
            )
        self.axis = sorted(axes)
        shape = tuple(input_shape[dim] for dim in self.axis)
        if self.scale or self.rms_scaling:
            self.gamma = self.add_weight(
                name="gamma",
                shape=shape,
                initializer=self.gamma_initializer,
                regularizer=self.gamma_regularizer,
                constraint=self.gamma_constraint,
                trainable=True,
                autocast=False,
            )
        else:
            self.gamma = None

        if self.center and not self.rms_scaling:

View on GitHub (pinned to 7a34a03db6)

When it happens

Trigger: Thrown at keras/src/layers/normalization/layer_normalization.py:157 when the library encounters an invalid state.

Common situations: See trigger scenarios.

AI-assisted analysis of keras-team/keras@7a34a03db6 (2026-08-25). Data as JSON: /api/errors/c69706068262c794. Report an issue: GitHub.