laravel/framework · warning · InvalidArgumentException

Collection given to whereNotMorphedTo method may not be…

Error message

Collection given to whereNotMorphedTo method may not be empty.

What it means

Thrown by whereNotMorphedTo() when the collection (or single model wrapped into one) passed as the morph target is empty. The method builds a whereNot group of morph_type/morph_id constraints; an empty collection would yield an empty group, so Laravel throws rather than emit a meaningless or always-true clause.

Solutions

1. Guard the call: if ($models->isNotEmpty()) { $query->whereNotMorphedTo('commentable', $models); }.
2. If the exclusion set is intentionally empty, omit the whereNotMorphedTo clause entirely.
3. Validate the collection is populated before constructing the query.

Example fix

// before
$excluded = collect(); // empty
$query->whereNotMorphedTo('taggable', $excluded); // InvalidArgumentException

// after
if ($excluded->isNotEmpty()) {
    $query->whereNotMorphedTo('taggable', $excluded);
}

$models = \Illuminate\Support\Collection::wrap($model);
if ($models->isEmpty()) {
    // exclusion set is empty; omit the whereNot clause
    return;
}
$query->whereNotMorphedTo('commentable', $models);

function isNonEmptyModelCollection(mixed $models): bool
{
    return \Illuminate\Support\Collection::wrap($models)->isNotEmpty();
}

When it happens

Trigger: Calling $query->whereNotMorphedTo('commentable', collect()) or ->whereNotMorphedTo('commentable', $emptyCollection). After BaseCollection::wrap(), an empty input triggers the isEmpty() guard.

Common situations: Passing a collection built from a filter/exclusion list that resolved empty (e.g. 'exclude these tags' where there are none to exclude); programmatically-built exclusion collections that are empty on the first run.

Related errors

• Collection given to whereMorphedTo method may not be empty.
• Collection given to whereAttachedTo method may not be empty.
• Collection given to whereBelongsTo method may not be empty.
• Unable to create query for empty collection.
• Add fillable property

AI-assisted analysis of laravel/framework@e0f6eb3518 (2026-08-11). Data as JSON: /api/errors/f76189c4e80c81e8. Report an issue: GitHub.

Appendix: source

Thrown at src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Concerns/QueriesRelationships.php:687

            $relation = $this->getRelationWithoutConstraints($relation);
        }

        if (is_string($model)) {
            $morphMap = Relation::morphMap();

            if (! empty($morphMap) && in_array($model, $morphMap)) {
                $model = array_search($model, $morphMap, true);
            }

            return $this->whereNot(fn ($query) => $query->whereNullSafeEquals(
                $relation->qualifyColumn($relation->getMorphType()), $model
            ), null, null, $boolean);
        }

        $models = BaseCollection::wrap($model);

        if ($models->isEmpty()) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Collection given to whereNotMorphedTo method may not be empty.');
        }

        return $this->whereNot(function ($query) use ($relation, $models) {
            $models->groupBy(fn ($model) => $model->getMorphClass())->each(function ($models) use ($query, $relation) {
                $query->orWhere(function ($query) use ($relation, $models) {
                    $query->whereNullSafeEquals($relation->qualifyColumn($relation->getMorphType()), $models->first()->getMorphClass())
                        ->whereIn($relation->qualifyColumn($relation->getForeignKeyName()), $models->map->getKey());
                });
            });
        }, null, null, $boolean);
    }

    /**
     * Add a morph-to relationship condition to the query with an "or where" clause.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphTo<*, *>|string  $relation
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model|iterable<int, \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model>|string|null  $model
     * @return $this

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