quarkusio/quarkus · error · IllegalStateException

Can only be used in dev or test mode

Error message

Can only be used in dev or test mode

What it means

SchemaManagementIntegrator.recreateDatabases() re-imports/recreates all databases registered with the schema integrator, a Dev Services / dev-mode convenience. It is guarded by LaunchMode.current().isDevOrTest(), so calling it in a production (normal) launch throws IllegalStateException. This protects production data from accidental wholesale recreation.

Source

Thrown at extensions/hibernate-orm/runtime/src/main/java/io/quarkus/hibernate/orm/runtime/schema/SchemaManagementIntegrator.java:89

    public static void mapDatasource(String datasource, String pu) {
        datasourceToPuMap.put(datasource, pu);
    }

    static String defaultName(SessionFactoryImplementor sf) {
        String name = sf.getName();
        if (name != null) {
            return name;
        }
        Object persistenceUnitName = sf.getProperties().get(PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME);
        if (persistenceUnitName != null) {
            return persistenceUnitName.toString();
        }
        return DataSourceUtil.DEFAULT_DATASOURCE_NAME;
    }

    public static void recreateDatabases() {
        if (!LaunchMode.current().isDevOrTest()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Can only be used in dev or test mode");
        }
        for (String val : metadataMap.keySet()) {
            recreateDatabase(val);
        }
    }

    public static void recreateDatabase(String name) {
        if (!LaunchMode.current().isDevOrTest()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Can only be used in dev or test mode");
        }
        Holder holder = metadataMap.get(name);

        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = holder.sessionFactory.getServiceRegistry();
        SimpleExecutionOptions executionOptions = new SimpleExecutionOptions(serviceRegistry);
        Object schemaGenerationDatabaseAction = executionOptions.getConfigurationValues()
                .get("jakarta.persistence.schema-generation.database.action");
        if (schemaGenerationDatabaseAction != null && !(schemaGenerationDatabaseAction.toString().equals("none"))) {
            //if this is none we assume another framework is doing this (e.g. flyway)

View on GitHub (pinned to e1c734241f)

Solutions

1. Do not call recreateDatabases in production; guard your code path with LaunchMode checks or remove the call.
2. For controlled schema changes in production use Flyway/Liquibase migrations instead of Quarkus dev-mode reset APIs.
3. If this is a legitimate dev workflow, run the app with `quarkus dev` or as a test where the launch mode is DEV/TEST.

Example fix

// before
SchemaManagementIntegrator.recreateDatabases();

// after
if (LaunchMode.current().isDevOrTest()) {
    SchemaManagementIntegrator.recreateDatabases();
}

if (!LaunchMode.current().isDevOrTest()) {
    throw new IllegalStateException("recreateDatabases is dev/test only");
}
SchemaManagementIntegrator.recreateDatabases();

try {
    SchemaManagementIntegrator.recreateDatabases();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
    log.warn("DB reset skipped: only allowed in dev or test mode", e);
}

When it happens

Trigger: Programmatically invoking SchemaManagementIntegrator.recreateDatabases() (directly or via resetAllDatabases) while the application runs in a launch mode other than NORMAL — i.e. not quarkus:dev, not tests.

Common situations: Reusing a dev/test support class from production code; an admin/ops endpoint accidentally wired to database-reset logic running in prod; custom tooling calling Quarkus internal APIs at runtime in a packaged jar.

Related errors

• Cannot launch a runtime application with NORMAL launch mode
• Unable to deserialize the dev mode context. Does the Quarkus
• Hot deployment of the application is not supported when upda
• remote-dev can only be used with mutable applications i.e. u
• Failed to create compiler

AI-assisted analysis of quarkusio/quarkus@e1c734241f (2026-09-05). Data as JSON: /api/errors/871de2399be33151. Report an issue: GitHub.