stride3d/stride · error · InvalidOperationException

The type [ ] cannot be only be used for clone serialization

Error message

The type [{typeof(T).FullName}] cannot be only be used for clone serialization

What it means

Internal clone-serialization consistency error in AssetCloner.PreSerialize (deserialization side): the index read from the stream is beyond the count of the invariant-object list gathered during serialization. This clone-serialization helper type can only be used through the cloner, so this indicates mismatched or corrupted clone streams rather than a user-input problem.

Solutions

1. Ensure the same cloner configuration produces and consumes the stream
2. Avoid reusing/persisting clone streams across versions or configurations
3. Report as an engine bug if it reproduces with a self-contained clone operation

When it happens

Trigger: Thrown at sources/assets/Stride.Core.Assets/AssetCloner.cs:353 when the library encounters an invalid state.

Common situations: See trigger scenarios.

AI-assisted analysis of stride3d/stride@96fad776d2 (2026-09-14). Data as JSON: /api/errors/344d58d2d3a74f8e. Report an issue: GitHub.

Appendix: source

Thrown at sources/assets/Stride.Core.Assets/AssetCloner.cs:353

        {
            parentSerializer = serializerSelector.GetSerializer(typeof(T).BaseType!);
        }

        public override void PreSerialize(ref T obj, ArchiveMode mode, SerializationStream stream)
        {
            var invariantObjectList = stream.Context.Get(InvariantObjectListProperty)!;
            if (mode == ArchiveMode.Serialize)
            {
                stream.Write(invariantObjectList.Count);
                invariantObjectList.Add(obj);
            }
            else
            {
                var index = stream.Read<int>();

                if (index >= invariantObjectList.Count)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"The type [{typeof(T).FullName}] cannot be only be used for clone serialization");
                }

                if (invariantObjectList[index] is not T invariant)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Unexpected null {typeof(T).FullName} while cloning");
                }

                // Create a new object to avoid exception in case its identity is important
                obj = (T)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(T), invariant.TypeName, invariant.AssemblyName, invariant.Error, invariant.ParsingEvents)!;
            }
        }

        public override void Serialize(ref T obj, ArchiveMode mode, SerializationStream stream)
        {
            // Process with parent serializer first
            object parentObj = obj;
            parentSerializer?.Serialize(ref parentObj, mode, stream);
            obj = (T)parentObj;

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