stride3d/stride · error · ArgumentException

Unknown qualifier

Error message

Unknown qualifier: {str}

What it means

IntrinsicsDefinitions.FromString parses qualifier strings from intrinsic definitions into the Qualifier enum. Only 'in', 'out', 'inout' and 'ref' are accepted; anything else throws ArgumentException('Unknown qualifier: ...'). This is a fail-fast parser for the intrinsic table DSL.

Solutions

1. Fix the input string to be exactly one of 'in', 'out', 'inout', 'ref' (lowercase, no whitespace) — e.g. Trim() tokens before calling FromString.
2. If a new qualifier is genuinely needed, add an arm to the FromString switch in IntrinsicsParameters.cs.
3. Intercept malformed lines in the intrinsics definition source and log/fix them before parsing.

Example fix

// before
var q = IntrinsicsDefinitions.FromString(rawToken); // "InOut " -> ArgumentException

// after
var q = IntrinsicsDefinitions.FromString(rawToken.Trim().ToLowerInvariant());

if (!str.Trim().EqualsInvariant("in") && !str.Trim().EqualsInvariant("out") &&
    !str.Trim().EqualsInvariant("inout") && !str.Trim().EqualsInvariant("ref"))
    throw new FormatException($"Qualifier must be in|out|inout|ref, got '{str}'");

bool IsValidQualifier(string s) => s is "in" or "out" or "inout" or "ref";

try { qualifier = IntrinsicsDefinitions.FromString(token); }
catch (ArgumentException ex) when (ex.Message.StartsWith("Unknown qualifier:"))
{
    logger.LogError("Bad qualifier token '{Token}' in intrinsics definition at line {Line}", token, lineNo);
    throw;
}

When it happens

Trigger: Calling IntrinsicsDefinitions.FromString (directly or via intrinsic-table deserialization) with a string other than 'in'/'out'/'inout'/'ref' — e.g. 'inout ' with trailing whitespace, 'IN', 'InOut', 'const', or a malformed line in an intrinsics definition source that was split into a qualifier column.

Common situations: Hand-written intrinsic signature files containing a typo or uppercase qualifier; locale/language extensions ('inout' vs HLSL 'inout' is fine, but 'uniform' or 'static' are not qualifiers here); trimming bugs where whitespace survives into the token; new qualifier added to the enum but not to FromString.

Understand the failure class

Background: Invalid enum value errors: "Unknown type", "Invalid scope", "must be one of" — when a string is not on the library's allowed list — this error's family across 23 libraries.

Related errors

• Unknown optional qualifier
• Unknown base type
• Could not find dependency
• Unexpected arguments
• Unable to load the given stream

AI-assisted analysis of stride3d/stride@96fad776d2 (2026-09-14). Data as JSON: /api/errors/c07b06be4a1e3580. Report an issue: GitHub.

Appendix: source

Thrown at sources/shaders/Stride.Shaders.Parsers/Core/IntrinsicsParameters.cs:100

public record struct Parameter(Qualifier? Qualifier, OptionalQualifier? OptionalQualifier, ParameterType Type, string Name);

public record class IntrinsicDefinition(ParameterType Return, Parameter[] Parameters)
{
    public IntrinsicDefinition(ParameterType @return, params ReadOnlySpan<Parameter> parameters)
        : this(@return, parameters.ToArray())
    { }
}


public static partial class IntrinsicsDefinitions
{
    static Qualifier FromString(string str) => str switch
    {
        "in" => Qualifier.In,
        "out" => Qualifier.Out,
        "inout" => Qualifier.InOut,
        "ref" => Qualifier.Ref,
        _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Unknown qualifier: {str}"),
    };
    static OptionalQualifier FromStringOptional(string str) => str switch
    {
        "row_major" => OptionalQualifier.RowMajor,
        "col_major" => OptionalQualifier.ColumnMajor,
        _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Unknown optional qualifier: {str}"),
    };
}

public enum BaseType
{
    Bool,
    Int,
    Int32Only,
    Int16,
    Int64,
    SInt16Or32,
    AnyInt,

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