alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba · error · ParseException

Day-of-Week values must be between 1 and 7

Error message

Day-of-Week values must be between 1 and 7

What it means

Thrown in checkNext when 'L' (last) follows a value in the DAY_OF_WEEK field but the preceding value is outside 1-7 (guard at CronExpression.java:524-526). 'NL' means 'last <weekday> of the month', so the weekday must be a valid 1-7. Note the error position passed is -1.

Source

Thrown at spring-cloud-alibaba-starters/spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-schedulerx/src/main/java/com/alibaba/cloud/scheduling/schedulerx/util/CronExpression.java:526

	}

	protected int checkNext(final int pos, final String s, final int val, final int type)
			throws ParseException {

		int end = -1;
		int i = pos;

		if (i >= s.length()) {
			addToSet(val, end, -1, type);
			return i;
		}

		char c = s.charAt(pos);

		if (c == 'L') {
			if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) {
				if (val < 1 || val > 7) {
					throw new ParseException("Day-of-Week values must be between 1 and 7", -1);
				}
				lastdayOfWeek = true;
			}
			else {
				throw new ParseException("'L' option is not valid here. (pos=" + i + ")", i);
			}
			final TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type);
			set.add(val);
			i++;
			return i;
		}

		if (c == 'W') {
			if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) {
				nearestWeekday = true;
			}
			else {
				throw new ParseException("'W' option is not valid here. (pos=" + i + ")", i);

View on GitHub (pinned to 115d590110)

Solutions

1. Use a weekday value 1-7 (SUN=1 ... SAT=7), e.g. '9L' -> '6L' (last Friday).
2. Do not use 0 for Sunday; this parser's dayMap maps SUN=1.
3. Verify the value sits in the day-of-week field (6th field).

Example fix

// before
new CronExpression("0 0 0 ? * 9L");
// after
new CronExpression("0 0 0 ? * 6L"); // last Friday of the month

// '<n>L' in day-of-week requires 1 <= n <= 7.
static boolean dowLastValueOk(String dowField) {
    if (!dowField.endsWith("L") || dowField.length() < 2) return true;
    try {
        int v = Integer.parseInt(dowField.substring(0, dowField.length() - 1));
        return v >= 1 && v <= 7;
    } catch (NumberFormatException e) { return false; }
}

try {
    CronExpression cron = new CronExpression(raw);
} catch (ParseException e) {
    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid cron expression: " + raw, e);
}

When it happens

Trigger: `new CronExpression("0 0 0 ? * 9L")` (weekday 9 with 'L'), or `0L` (value 0). Any '<n>L' in day-of-week where n < 1 or n > 7.

Common situations: 0-based weekday assumption (using 0 for Sunday, which is invalid here — SUN=1), or a field-shift placing a non-weekday number before 'L'.

Related errors

• Increment > 60 : {}
• Increment > 24 : {}
• Increment > 31 : {}
• Increment > 7 : {}
• Increment > 12 : {}

AI-assisted analysis of alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba@115d590110 (2026-08-14). Data as JSON: /api/errors/09bc363b01404a38. Report an issue: GitHub.