apache/dubbo · error · IllegalStateException

Compilation failed. class: {}, diagnostics: {}

Error message

Compilation failed. class: {}, diagnostics: {}

What it means

Thrown by JdkCompiler.doCompile when the JSR-199 compilation task returns null or false, indicating the source did not compile. The bundled diagnosticCollector.getDiagnostics() output lists the compiler errors (syntax, unresolved symbols, etc.).

Source

Thrown at dubbo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/common/compiler/support/JdkCompiler.java:127

    @Override
    public Class<?> doCompile(ClassLoader ignored, String name, String sourceCode) throws Throwable {
        int i = name.lastIndexOf('.');
        String packageName = i < 0 ? "" : name.substring(0, i);
        String className = i < 0 ? name : name.substring(i + 1);
        JavaFileObjectImpl javaFileObject = new JavaFileObjectImpl(className, sourceCode);
        javaFileManager.putFileForInput(
                StandardLocation.SOURCE_PATH, packageName, className + ClassUtils.JAVA_EXTENSION, javaFileObject);
        Boolean result = compiler.getTask(
                        null,
                        javaFileManager,
                        diagnosticCollector,
                        options,
                        null,
                        Collections.singletonList(javaFileObject))
                .call();
        if (result == null || !result) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "Compilation failed. class: " + name + ", diagnostics: " + diagnosticCollector.getDiagnostics());
        }
        return classLoader.loadClass(name);
    }

    private static final class JavaFileObjectImpl extends SimpleJavaFileObject {

        private final CharSequence source;
        private ByteArrayOutputStream bytecode;

        public JavaFileObjectImpl(final String baseName, final CharSequence source) {
            super(ClassUtils.toURI(baseName + ClassUtils.JAVA_EXTENSION), Kind.SOURCE);
            this.source = source;
        }

        JavaFileObjectImpl(final String name, final Kind kind) {
            super(ClassUtils.toURI(name), kind);
            source = null;

View on GitHub (pinned to 3a3043227f)

Solutions

1. Inspect the diagnostics list in the exception message — each Diagnostic names the file, line, and error.
2. Fix the specific syntax/type error reported by the compiler.
3. Ensure all referenced classes are available to the compilation classloader.
4. Run on a full JDK (not a JRE) so javax.tools.ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler is non-null.

try {
    compiler.doCompile(classLoader, name, source);
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
    // parse diagnostics in e.getMessage(); fix source/classpath
}

When it happens

Trigger: The source code passed to JdkCompiler (the default SPI compiler when running on a JDK) contains a syntax error, references an undefined type/member, or violates Java language rules, so the compiler task returns false.

Common situations: Generated Adaptive/SPI extension source is invalid. A class referenced by the generated source is not on the classpath. Running on a JRE (not JDK) where the compiler tool is unavailable can also yield a failed task. Source/target version mismatch with the running JDK.

Related errors

• No such class name in {}
• Failed to compile class, cause: {}, class: {}, code: {} , s
• The java code not endsWith "}", code: {}
• source == null
• The method %s of interface %s is not adaptive method!

AI-assisted analysis of apache/dubbo@3a3043227f (2026-08-14). Data as JSON: /api/errors/6b514e705b2c4edb. Report an issue: GitHub.