hibernate/hibernate-orm · error · QueryException

SingleStore json_exists only support literal json paths, but

Error message

SingleStore json_exists only support literal json paths, but got {}

What it means

SingleStore's json_match_any_exists requires the JSON path to be decomposed into literal path constants, so the path argument must be a string literal. render() calls getLiteralValue on the path expression; a bind parameter or computed expression fails, and the resulting QueryException echoes the offending path expression.

Source

Thrown at hibernate-community-dialects/src/main/java/org/hibernate/community/dialect/function/json/SingleStoreJsonExistsFunction.java:41

	public SingleStoreJsonExistsFunction(TypeConfiguration typeConfiguration) {
		super( typeConfiguration, true, false );
	}

	@Override
	protected void render(
			SqlAppender sqlAppender,
			JsonExistsArguments arguments,
			ReturnableType<?> returnType,
			SqlAstTranslator<?> walker) {
		if ( arguments.errorBehavior() != null && arguments.errorBehavior() != JsonExistsErrorBehavior.ERROR ) {
			throw new QueryException( "Can't emulate on error clause on SingleStore" );
		}
		final String jsonPath;
		try {
			jsonPath = walker.getLiteralValue( arguments.jsonPath() );
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new QueryException( "SingleStore json_exists only support literal json paths, but got " + arguments.jsonPath() );
		}
		final List<JsonPathHelper.JsonPathElement> jsonPathElements = JsonPathHelper.parseJsonPathElements( jsonPath );
		sqlAppender.appendSql( "json_match_any_exists(" );
		arguments.jsonDocument().accept( walker );
		for ( JsonPathHelper.JsonPathElement pathElement : jsonPathElements ) {
			sqlAppender.appendSql( ',' );
			if ( pathElement instanceof JsonPathHelper.JsonAttribute attribute ) {
				sqlAppender.appendSingleQuoteEscapedString( attribute.attribute() );
			}
			else if ( pathElement instanceof JsonPathHelper.JsonParameterIndexAccess jsonParameterIndexAccess) {
				final String parameterName = jsonParameterIndexAccess.parameterName();
				throw new QueryException( "JSON path [" + jsonPath + "] uses parameter [" + parameterName + "] that is not passed" );
			}
			else {
				sqlAppender.appendSql( '\'' );
				sqlAppender.appendSql( ( (JsonPathHelper.JsonIndexAccess) pathElement ).index() );
				sqlAppender.appendSql( '\'' );
			}

View on GitHub (pinned to fad1729dce)

Solutions

1. Inline the path as a string literal: json_exists(e.doc, 'items[0]')
2. Concatenate a validated, whitelisted path into the HQL string in Java (mind injection)
3. Switch to a native query if the path must stay dynamic
4. Model frequently queried attributes as real columns instead of ad-hoc JSON paths

Example fix

// before
em.createQuery("select e from E e where json_exists(e.doc, :path)")
    .setParameter("path", "items[0]");

// after: literal path in the query string
em.createQuery("select e from E e where json_exists(e.doc, 'items[0]')");

// The path must be a string literal; never bind it as a parameter on SingleStore
static String literalJsonPath(String path, int index) {
    // build from validated components only — no user input concatenation
    if (!path.matches("[A-Za-z0-9_.\\[\\]-]*")) throw new IllegalArgumentException("bad path");
    return path;
}

try {
    return em.createQuery("select e from E e where json_exists(e.doc, :path)")
             .setParameter("path", p).getResultList();
} catch (QueryException e) {
    if (e.getMessage() != null && e.getMessage().contains("literal json paths")) {
        // inline the path literal (validated) into the HQL and retry
    }
    throw e;
}

When it happens

Trigger: HQL `json_exists(e.doc, :path)` or a computed path like `json_exists(e.doc, concat('items[', i, ']'))` on SingleStoreDialect.

Common situations: Generic DAO layers that bind paths as parameters to plan-cache queries; multi-dialect code where PostgreSQL accepts parameterized paths via passing.

Related errors

• JSON path [{}] uses parameter [{}] that is not passed
• JSON path [{}] uses parameter [{}] that is not passed
• SingleStore json_array_insert function requires at least one
• SingleStore json_array_insert function last path parameter m
• JSON path [{}] uses parameter [{}] that is not passed

AI-assisted analysis of hibernate/hibernate-orm@fad1729dce (2026-08-22). Data as JSON: /api/errors/42a56c6800f71adc. Report an issue: GitHub.