hibernate/hibernate-orm · error · QueryException

JSON path [{}] uses parameter [{}] that is not passed

Error message

JSON path [{}] uses parameter [{}] that is not passed

What it means

Like the other SingleStore JSON emulations, json_array_insert renders every path element as a constant attribute or index. buildJsonPath walks the leading path elements and throws QueryException when it finds a [$name] parameter marker (JsonParameterIndexAccess) whose parameter was not passed, because SingleStore has no passing support.

Source

Thrown at hibernate-community-dialects/src/main/java/org/hibernate/community/dialect/function/json/SingleStoreJsonArrayInsertFunction.java:105

		return value instanceof UnparsedNumericLiteral<?>;
	}

	private static void buildJsonArrayInsertValue(SqlAppender sqlAppender, SqlAstNode value) {
		sqlAppender.appendSql( "json_splice_" );
		sqlAppender.appendSql( isNumeric( value ) ? "double(" : "string(" );
	}

	private static void buildJsonPath(
			SqlAppender sqlAppender, Expression jsonPath, List<JsonPathHelper.JsonPathElement> jsonPathElements) {
		for ( int i = 0; i < jsonPathElements.size() - 1; i++ ) {
			JsonPathHelper.JsonPathElement pathElement = jsonPathElements.get( i );
			sqlAppender.appendSql( ',' );
			if ( pathElement instanceof JsonPathHelper.JsonAttribute attribute ) {
				sqlAppender.appendSingleQuoteEscapedString( attribute.attribute() );
			}
			else if ( pathElement instanceof JsonPathHelper.JsonParameterIndexAccess jsonPathElement) {
				final String parameterName = jsonPathElement.parameterName();
				throw new QueryException( "JSON path [" + jsonPath + "] uses parameter [" + parameterName + "] that is not passed" );
			}
			else {
				sqlAppender.appendSql( '\'' );
				sqlAppender.appendSql( ( (JsonPathHelper.JsonIndexAccess) pathElement ).index() );
				sqlAppender.appendSql( '\'' );
			}
		}
	}
}

View on GitHub (pinned to fad1729dce)

Solutions

1. Inline the concrete index into the path literal in Java before creating the query
2. Restrict json_array_insert on SingleStore to fully literal paths
3. Execute one statement per concrete position instead of parameterizing inside the path
4. Fall back to a native SingleStore statement for dynamic paths

Example fix

// before
json_array_insert(e.doc, 'items[$i][0]', :v)

// after: build the literal path in Java
String path = "items[" + index + "][0]";
em.createQuery("update E e set e.doc = json_array_insert(e.doc, '" + path + "', :v)")
    .setParameter("v", v).executeUpdate();

private static final Pattern PARAM_IN_PATH = Pattern.compile("\\[\\s*\\$\\w+");
static String requireLiteralPath(String path) {
    if (PARAM_IN_PATH.matcher(path).find()) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Inline the index instead of [$param]: " + path);
    }
    return path;
}

try {
    em.createQuery(hql).executeUpdate(); // json_array_insert with [$i] path
} catch (QueryException e) {
    if (e.getMessage() != null && e.getMessage().contains("that is not passed")) {
        // inline concrete indices into the path literal and retry
    }
    throw e;
}

When it happens

Trigger: HQL `json_array_insert(e.doc, 'items[$i][0]', :v)` — any parameter marker in the non-final path segments — on SingleStoreDialect.

Common situations: Dynamic array navigation shared across dialects; queries copied from PostgreSQL-flavored HQL that rely on a passing clause.

Related errors

• JSON path [{}] uses parameter [{}] that is not passed
• SingleStore json_array_insert function requires at least one
• SingleStore json_array_insert function last path parameter m
• JSON path [{}] uses parameter [{}] that is not passed
• SingleStore json_exists only support literal json paths, but

AI-assisted analysis of hibernate/hibernate-orm@fad1729dce (2026-08-22). Data as JSON: /api/errors/2fbb91eaf874d13c. Report an issue: GitHub.