apache/shardingsphere · error · SQLParsingException

42000

42000

Error message

You have an error in your SQL syntax: %s

What it means

Thrown by KernelDistSQLStatementParserEngine.getSQLStatement when the kernel DistSQL parser (KernelDistSQLLexer/Parser) produces a ParseASTNode whose root is an ErrorNode. This engine handles kernel-level DistSQL (e.g. SHOW/DISTINCT VARIABLE, SET statements) in a single-phase parse, so any grammar-level failure that ANTLR recovers from surfaces here rather than as a cancellation.

Source

Thrown at parser/distsql/engine/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/distsql/parser/core/kernel/KernelDistSQLStatementParserEngine.java:45

/**
 * SQL statement parser engine for kernel DistSQL.
 */
public final class KernelDistSQLStatementParserEngine {
    
    /**
     * Parse SQL.
     *
     * @param sql SQL to be parsed
     * @return SQL statement
     */
    public SQLStatement parse(final String sql) {
        ASTNode astNode = SQLParserFactory.newInstance(sql, KernelDistSQLLexer.class, KernelDistSQLParser.class).parse();
        return getSQLStatement(sql, (ParseASTNode) astNode);
    }
    
    private SQLStatement getSQLStatement(final String sql, final ParseASTNode parseASTNode) {
        if (parseASTNode.getRootNode() instanceof ErrorNode) {
            throw new SQLParsingException(sql);
        }
        return (SQLStatement) (new KernelDistSQLStatementVisitor()).visit(parseASTNode.getRootNode());
    }
}

View on GitHub (pinned to e952770a21)

Solutions

1. Match the statement exactly to kernel DistSQL grammar (SHOW DIST_VARIABLE / SET DIST_VARIABLE etc. for your version)
2. Fix quoting and value formats in SET statements
3. Route feature-specific statements to DistSQLParserEngine instead of the kernel engine
4. Consult KernelDistSQL.g4 grammar for the supported statement forms

Example fix

// before
engine.parse("SET DIST_VARIABLES = a=1"); // wrong keyword form

// after
engine.parse("SET DIST VARIABLE a=1");

try {
    SQLStatement stmt = kernelEngine.parse(distSql);
} catch (SQLParsingException e) {
    // reject and show user the offending statement
}

When it happens

Trigger: Calling KernelDistSQLStatementParserEngine.parse with malformed kernel DistSQL: 'SHOW VARIABLE' misspellings, invalid SET VARIABLE value syntax, unexpected trailing tokens, or a statement belonging to a feature facade routed to the kernel engine by mistake.

Common situations: Typing kernel DistSQL by hand in the proxy CLI; script-driven variable management with wrong value quoting; version drift where kernel grammar rules were renamed; routing logic sending feature DistSQL to the kernel engine.

Related errors

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AI-assisted analysis of apache/shardingsphere@e952770a21 (2026-08-14). Data as JSON: /api/errors/f9e095e92b77afe5. Report an issue: GitHub.